BOOK ENDNOTE CITATION FORMAT PDF

Caption text should, where appropriate, be formatted as complete sentences with capitalization and punctuation. The amount of detail in captions can vary from a few words to several sentences. Figure captionsĬaptions are usually included immediately below a figure, and provide a text explanation of the visual. An example of a textual reference to a figure might look like the following: 'as figure 2 shows.' 'when comparing figures 3 and 4.' The lowercase figure should be used when making references to figures in the text. This is particularly helpful where there are several cited illustrations. Illustrations or images, in this case, can refer to a wide range of visual materials, including photographs, maps, drawings, and charts placed within a text. įigures can be used to more easily refer to illustrations cited in your writing. In Chicago Style, the term figure can refer to illustrations or images that are displayed or reproduced separately from the text.

BOOK ENDNOTE CITATION FORMAT PDF

Need more? See Chicago Style Citation Quick Guide for an overview, or find print versions of the Chicago Manual of Style at the SFU Library and SFU Bookstore.įor the best printing results, use the printer-friendly PDF format of this guide. Hurl-Eamon, 'The fiction of female dependence,' 481.This guide provides examples of citations of commonly-used sources, based on The Chicago Manual of Style (17th ed.), using notes/bibliography style only. Jennine Hurl-Eamon, 'The fiction of female dependence and the makeshift economy of soldiers, sailors, and their wives in eighteenth-century London,' Labor History 49, no.4 (2008):481, doi:10.1080/00236560802376987Ģ. Husbands were expected to “maintain” their wives, and parish overseers prosecuted men who did not uphold their duty of giving wives sufficient food, clothing, and shelter for their survival. Though eighteenth-century wives were expected to contribute to the household coffers and the male breadwinner ideology did not take hold until the following century at the earliest, significant aspects of early modern culture presumed wifely dependence. Military wives are a window into a much larger issue in early modern labour history. Hurl-Eamon argues for the importance of studying the wives of soldiers, claiming that: Block quotations are immediately followed by a footnote/endnote. Do not put quotation marks around block quotations. Block quotations begin on a new line and are indented using the indent button. If you use a quotation that is longer than a hundred words (about 8 lines), set it off from the rest of your text as a block quotation.Hurl-Eamon argues for the importance of studying the wives of soldiers, claiming that they provide “a window into a much larger issue in early modern labour history.” 1 You must immediately follow it with a footnote/endnote. If you use a source’s exact words, this is referred to as a direct quotation.So.w hen in doubt, cite your source! Use Footnotes/Endnotes Immediately After Direct Quotations: It is well known that World War I began in 1914 and was triggered by the assassination of the Archduke Ferdinand.ĭeciding what is common knowledge can be tricky. For example, the following would be considered common knowledge in history: However, information that is considered common knowledge within a discipline does not need a footnote. information or numerical data that is not common knowledge.ĩ.7 million soldiers were killed during World War I.

someone else's ideas or arguments that you have paraphrased or summarized.

When to Include a Footnote/Endnote When You Have Used Your Own Words, Use a Footnote/Endnote to Cite: The guidelines for this style are published in the 17th edition of The Chicago Manual of Style: The Essential Guide for Writers, Editors, and Publishers (University of Chicago Press, 2017). Check with your professor to see what he or she prefers. Many professors prefer that you use footnotes rather than endnotes. With few exceptions, you should use either footnotes or endnotes in your paper, not both.

Footnotes and endnotes require you to include detailed information about each source as you cite it. Sometimes called “Chicago Style,” footnotes and endnotes are different from in-text citation methods (such as APA or MLA). What is Chicago Style (footnoting or endnoting)?

Chicago Style Formatting Guidelines and Sample.Chicago Style: Citing Electronic Sources.

Book endnote citation format